One of the defining features of Brazil’s tax system is the complexity of its indirect taxes. Notably, the system is marked by fragmented tax bases, the cumulative taxation at each stage of the production process (known as the cascading effect), and the administrative challenges posed by the jurisdiction to tax…
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This is the second of a series of two blogs in which we present an overview of some of our findings in relation to countries’ various commitments to administrative assistance under the (amended) multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters (MAAC). In the first blog, we delineated the…
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Introduction In June 2025, the Tax Justice Network presented the most recent update to one of its flagship publications, the Financial Secrecy Index (FSI). The FSI is based on a legal assessment of the laws and regulations of 141 jurisdictions, including 36 countries from the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC)…
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Can we expect a boom in environmental taxation by 2025? Countries, especially those in the global South, face interconnected crises involving climate change and consequently; biodiversity loss and water, health and food threats. These crises are becoming more frequent. In the current context, characterized by rising debt, declining investment, reduced…
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Tax expenditures are a key component -although often not very visible- of tax policies in Latin America. They are incentives, exemptions and preferential treatments established in tax legislation, which reduce the tax burden of certain taxpayers to achieve specific economic or social goals. Their magnitude is relevant and, in…
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As the world prepares for COP30 in Belém, Brazil, developing countries are taking significant steps in environmental taxation and climate financing. These efforts aim to balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental sustainability—while also asserting some leadership in global climate governance. 1. The Growing Threat of the Climate Crisis The…
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